O-69 - Updated cohort meta-analyses find almost all food groups statistically significantly associated with all-cause mortality
A referenced fact about the nutritional-cohort literature (from an external food-group meta-analysis), resting on no data of Ioannidis’s own. Its discriminating value: if nearly every food is “significantly” associated with mortality, that near-universality is more consistent with correlated exposures plus flexible analysis than with each food exerting a real causal effect.
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Why this is evidence
H-31 reads near-universal food-mortality significance as a signature of pervasive confounding among mutually correlated dietary exposures plus flexible, non-prespecified analysis (single-food effects non-identifiable); H-41 reads it as either genuine modest whole-diet effects or a pattern that well-conducted analysis manages.