Developed a double-antigen sandwich ELISA and screened 1,914 archived/collected serum samples spanning 35 animal species — experimental animals, domestic livestock/companion animals, and wildlife (incl. species farmed for fur/food such as fox, mink and masked civet) — for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Zero positive samples found; authors conclude the tested 35 species are unlikely to be the intermediate host. Sampling was not targeted at animals with known contact with COVID-19 patients. relevance_note: an early, broad-panel farmed/wild-animal serosurvey complementing the later WHO-China national survey — another largely-negative animal-serology data point, though its untargeted sampling (no confirmed exposure to human cases) limits how much a negative result can rule out.