128 subjects (83 men, 45 postmenopausal women) moved from an average-American diet (435 mg cholesterol/d, higher fat) to an NCEP Step-1 diet (201 mg cholesterol/d, lower fat) for 4-24 weeks. In men, LDL-C fell 15% overall; APOE3/4 carriers fell significantly more (23%) than E3/3 carriers (14%). In women the LDL-C fall was smaller (7-11%) and not significantly genotype-dependent.
relevance_note: An earlier, sex-stratified primary showing the ApoE-genotype effect on cholesterol/fat-driven LDL change is present in men but not clearly in women — adds a sex-interaction nuance the ApoE thread needs to carry alongside the Weggemans-vs-Sarkkinen disagreement.